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Chapter 12 - PHYSICS BASICS

I was sitting on my porch again, hoodie pulled over my head.

Out on the street, a kid kicked a ball and it rolled across the sidewalk until it slowed… and stopped.

> "Why did it stop?" I whispered.

"And what made it move in the first place?"

That tiny question pulled me in.

Because honestly?

I didn't understand movement at all.

I just lived inside it.

But now I wanted to see it — like a scientist.

So I opened my dusty old notebook.

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🧠 What is Force, Really?

They say force is a push or a pull.

Simple enough, right?

I push my chair — it moves.

I pull open the fridge — that's force too.

But the thing that hit me was this:

> "Things don't just move on their own. Something has to cause it."

That something is force.

And that force can come from anywhere:

My hand

Gravity

Wind

Friction : (friction is a force that opposes motion, it happens when two surfaces are in contact)

Even magnetism, which feels like invisible fingers

It's everywhere.

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📏 What Can Force Do?

Force can do 3 big things:

1. Start motion

If a box is sitting still and I push it — boom, it moves.

2. Stop motion

Like brakes on a bike — force brings you to a halt.

3. Change direction or speed

If you throw a ball and the wind curves it — that's a force acting on it.

> "Force doesn't always have to be big," I wrote.

"It just has to make a change."

Even small forces can matter.

Like… the tiny tug of gravity that makes rain fall.

Or the soft drag of friction that makes a skateboard slow down.

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🧔 Newton – The Guy Who Asked Why

They always talk about Isaac Newton in books.

Honestly, I used to tune out the name.

Just some old guy with a wig, right?

But now… I kinda get it.

Newton didn't just watch apples fall.

He asked why they fell.

And more than that — he figured out how all movement works.

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⚖️ Newton's First Law: The Lazy Law

> "An object stays at rest or moves at constant speed in a straight line unless acted upon by a force."

That means if something is still, it'll stay still.

And if something is moving, it'll keep moving — forever — unless something stops it.

> "Wait… so if there were no air, no friction… that ball would never stop?"

Yup.

It'd roll forever.

But in the real world? We've got friction. Air. Walls. Gravity.

So things always slow down. But not because they "want to" — only because something else is pushing against them.

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🏎️ Newton's Second Law: The F = ma Law

This one hit me deep:

> Force = mass × acceleration

(acceleration is the change in speed ,if some car is at 5 km per hour then it's acceleration is 0 for that one hour )

Or as I wrote in my notebook:

> "If I push harder, things go faster. But if they're heavier, they resist more."

That's why it's easy to push a soccer ball…

But hard to push a car.

Same push, different results.

That also means if I want the same car to go faster, I need to push even harder.

It's all connected.

Force. Mass. Acceleration.

Three ghosts dancing together.

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🔁 Newton's Third Law: "Equal and Opposite"

> "For every action, there's an equal and opposite reaction."

This one confused me as a kid.

But now?

I get it.

when you throw a ball at a wall (action),the ball bounces

back.(Reaction)

When I push against the floor, the floor pushes back.

That's why I can stand.

When a rocket pushes exhaust down, it flies up.

When I punch a wall, the wall punches back — which is why my knuckles hurt more than the drywall.

Force is never one-sided.

Everything you do? The universe responds.

It's kind of beautiful, in a brutal way.

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🧱 Friction – The Invisible Brake

I never saw friction until I understood it.

It's the reason my socks make me trip on carpet.

It's why a skateboard doesn't roll forever.

Friction is like the world's way of saying:

> "Hey… slow down."

It fights movement.

But it's also helpful.

Imagine walking without friction — your feet would slide like you're on ice all the time.

So yeah… friction's annoying.

But it also keeps me upright.

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🌍 Gravity – The Earth's Hug

Gravity is a force too.

It pulls everything toward the Earth.

> "Why doesn't the moon fall?"

Well, it does fall — it's just moving sideways fast enough that it keeps missing the Earth. Over and over.

I stared at the sky after writing that.

> "So even the moon is falling… just in a curve?"

That idea made me dizzy.

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🧲 Other Weird Forces

There's also:

Magnetic force – like how magnets stick to fridges.

Electrostatic force – like when you rub a balloon on your head and your hair stands up.

Tension – like a rope pulling you.

Normal force – the reason you don't sink into the ground. The floor pushes up on you.

The more I listed, the more I realized…

> "Everything around me is just forces… pushing and pulling in silence."

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🔚 So… Why Do Things Move?

Because something makes them.

Because there's always a force acting — even if I can't see it.

Because the world is restless, and nothing moves without reason.

Even me.

Even my thoughts.

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📓 Artic's Summary (the one I won't forget):

A force is a push or a pull. It makes things start, stop, or change direction.

Newton's Laws are the keys to understanding motion:

First law: things keep doing what they're doing — unless something acts.

Second law: more mass needs more force. .

Third law: every action has an equal and opposite reaction.

Friction slows stuff down. Gravity pulls everything down.

The universe is just... full of invisible hands, always pushing and pulling.

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